Front shock absorber assembly introduce

Shock absorbers are mainly used to suppress the oscillation and impact from the road surface when the spring rebounds after absorbing vibration. When passing through uneven roads, although the absorbing spring can filter out the vibration of the road surface, the spring itself still has reciprocating motion, and shock absorbers are used to suppress this type of spring jumping. If the shock absorber is too soft, the body will jump up and down, and if the shock absorber is too hard, it will bring too much resistance, Obstructing the normal operation of springs. In the process of modifying the suspension system, hard shock absorbers need to be matched with hard springs, and the hardness of the springs is closely related to the weight of the vehicle. Therefore, heavier vehicles generally use harder shock absorbers. The device connected to the shock-absorbing crankshaft is used to counteract the torsional vibration of the crankshaft (i.e. the phenomenon of the crankshaft twisting due to the impact force of cylinder ignition). In the suspension system, vibration is generated due to the impact of elastic components, To improve the smoothness of car driving, shock absorbers are installed in parallel with elastic components in the suspension system. To attenuate vibration, hydraulic shock absorbers are commonly used in car suspension systems. Their working principle is that when relative motion occurs due to vibration between the frame (or body) and the axle, the piston inside the shock absorber moves up and down, The oil in the shock absorber chamber repeatedly flows into another chamber through different pores. At this time, the friction between the hole wall and the oil and the internal friction between the oil molecules form a damping force on the vibration, converting the vibration energy of the car into oil thermal energy, which is then absorbed and dissipated into the atmosphere by the shock absorber. When the cross-sectional area and other factors of the oil channel remain unchanged, the damping force increases or decreases with the relative motion speed between the frame and the axle (or wheel), And it is related to the viscosity of the oil [1]. Shock absorbers and elastic components bear the task of cushioning and shock absorption. If the damping force is too large, it will cause the suspension elasticity to deteriorate, and even damage the shock absorber connecting parts. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the contradiction between elastic components and shock absorbers (1) During the compression stroke (when the axle and frame are close to each other), the damping force of the shock absorber is relatively small, in order to fully exert the elastic effect of the elastic element and alleviate the impact. At this time, the elastic element plays the main role (2) During the suspension extension stroke (the axle and frame are far away from each other), the damping force of the shock absorber should be large and quickly absorb shock (3) When the relative speed between the axle (or wheel) and the axle is too high, it is required that the shock absorber can automatically increase the fluid flow rate to maintain the damping force within a certain limit, in order to avoid bearing excessive impact loads. Tubular shock absorbers are widely used in automotive suspension systems, and they can provide shock absorption in both compression and extension strokes, which is called bidirectional shock absorbers. New shock absorbers are also used, It includes inflatable shock absorbers and resistance adjustable shock absorbers)

BMW 6 Series introduce

The BMW 6 Series is a car specially designed by BMW Germany for sophisticated drivers. It was introduced in 1976 and discontinued in 1989. During this period, its sales reached 86000 units, making it the most successful box car in BMW's history After a 14 year hiatus, BMW decided to revive the 6 Series and once again enter this large luxury sports car market, showcasing the core concept of the BMW 6 Series in GT racing, combining the advantages of sports cars and luxury RVs The previous models of BMW's sporty two door cars have also perfectly achieved this integration. In terms of exterior design, the 6 Series maintains the typical dynamic style of BMW Coupe, with a long hood, low roof lines, and front and side skirts giving the car a dynamic and elegant posture. To distinguish it from other models, the headlights, engine cover, radiator grille, and front air vents have all been redesigned. By introducing new elements such as LED brake lights in the tail light design, in addition to greatly reducing reaction time, the size and brightness can be adjusted according to different environments. The BMW v8 engine provides power for the 6 Series. BMW is known for its advanced technological development, and a series of LED brake lights have been introduced. The application of high-tech projects has maintained BMW's leading position in the automotive industry. The 6 Series has also adopted many advanced scientific research achievements. The new 6 Series has a body length of 4820mm and a width of 1800mm, which is even wider than the 5 Series. Such a large body shape will inevitably increase the weight of the body, and excessive body weight will greatly affect the acceleration and handling of the 6 Series. Therefore, BMW has used a large amount of aluminum alloy and composite materials on the body of the 6 Series, In order to achieve the goal of reducing weight, carbon fiber reinforced plastic materials are 50% lighter than steel and 35% lighter than aluminum, which can effectively reduce the weight of the vehicle body. The rigidity is three times that of other materials in the central control area (10 sheets), and the collision resistance and safety are quite good, which has always been an ideal material for the automotive industry. However, due to the lack of stamping equipment, carbon fiber used to be produced manually. BMW has developed a set of stamping equipment with a self weight of 200 tons and a pressure of 1800 tons, which is the world's first mass-produced carbon fiber roof, and has begun trial use on the new 6 series. The 6 series also uses an overhead display (hud) system that is only available on aircraft, which can directly display some important information. Projected onto the windshield of the car, including navigation direction, speed, and active cruise control display. The core functions related to driving in the car are operated through the i-drive controller and buttons attached to the steering wheel, but the i-drive control button is placed on the right side of the gear lever and requires arm extension to reach. Other secondary functions and comfort equipment control are arranged in a distance that is easily accessible to the other (2) cars and front seat passengers, Very convenient. Users can also choose a panoramic glass roof that is much larger than a regular electric sunroof, allowing more sunlight to enter the luxurious interior of the car. Dynamic driving and active steering systems are optional equipment for the 6 Series, which can greatly eliminate the body roll caused by vehicle turning and increase the comfort of passengers inside the car. The active steering system, on the other hand, changes the steering ratio based on the vehicle speed through a stepper motor. At lower speeds, the steering sensitivity increases, and larger wheel turns can be achieved by turning the steering wheel at a smaller angle. This situation is very useful for drivers driving on urban roads or parking and turning around. As the speed increases, the steering becomes more sensitive. Accurate, ensuring driving stability and comfort. The BMW 6 Series engine is equipped with Dynamic Stability Control (DSC) and Dynamic Traction Control (DTC) systems. In addition, the Driving Dynamics Control (DDC) technology used in the BMW M3 and M5 models is also used in the new 6 Series, which is controlled through a "SPORT" button located on the center console The DDC function can increase the sensitivity of the throttle response, improve acceleration ability, and provide a more direct response to the power assisted steering mechanism, thereby increasing the driving pleasure of the driver. In terms of power, there is also the option to choose a sequential manual transmission (SMG), which can be changed by the paddles on the steering wheel or the gear lever. As for the interior, we have always trusted BMW. The 6 Series adheres to BMW's consistent style, perfectly combining luxury and practicality. The bright colors are more in line with its sporty characteristics, and there are multiple configurations to choose from. As a representative of luxury cars, the BMW 6 Series [2] also has many commendable features. In terms of sound configuration, the new BMW 6 Series is equipped with 8 features. A hi fi sound system with speakers, 9 space seats, and 6 CDs create a home theater effect